Benchmarking NIST-Standardised ML-KEM and ML-DSA on ARM Cortex-M0+: Latency, Rejection-Sampling Variance, and Memory on the RP2040
Rojin Chhetri · Sijan Dhakal · Asmita Gautam
This study benchmarks all six NIST-standardised ML-KEM and ML-DSA parameter sets on the RP2040 at 125 MHz. It reports latency, memory behaviour, rejection-sampling variance, cross-device reproducibility, and a timing side channel that reveals signing attempt counts but not their content.